Arterinė hipertenzija (AH) – tai liga, pasireiškianti padidėjusiu arteriniu kraujo spaudimu. Padidėjusiu laikomas spaudimas, viršijantis 140/90 mmHg, nustatomas jį kartotinai matuojant. Ši liga – tai į vairių aplinkos ir genetinių veiksnių pasekmė ir šių veiksnių išraiška žmogaus organizme.
Pagrindiniai rizikos veiksniai, kurie skatina arterinės hipertenzijos vystymąsi, yra:
• paveldėjimas;
• amžius – vyresni negu 35 metų amžiaus;
• nutukimas;
• rūkymas;
• maistas (gausus druskos, riebalų vartojimas, mažas kalio vartojimas);
• alkoholis;
• stresas, nerimas, baimė;
• mažas fizinis aktyvumas.
Norint išvengti arterinės hipertenzijos komplikacijų, būtina gerti kuo daugiau skysčių, nepamiršti vaistų, neleidžiančių užsikimšti kraujagyslėms. Kad netrūktų skysčių, galima gerti negazuotą mineralinį vandenį , šaltą arbatą ar kalio turinčių daržovių sulčių. Rekomenduojama vartoti kalio ir magnio preparatų (pasitarus su gydytoju), riboti fizinį krūvį .
Nė vienas nesame apsaugotas nuo psichoemocinės į tampos, kuri taip pat gali būti aukšto kraujospūdžio priežastimi.
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