Sveikatos apsaugos ministerijos duomenimis, geriamąjį vandenį iš šachtinių šulinių ir negilių gręžinių Lietuvoje vartoja beveik ketvirtadalis gyventojų.
Šulinio vandens kokybė priklauso ne tik nuo didelių potvynių, bet ir nuo paprasto polaidžio, taip pat nuo šulinio įrengimo vietos. Trąšų, mėšlo perteklius, kurio nepasisavina augalai, patenka į požeminius vandenis ir užteršia jį tokiais toksiniais rodikliais, kaip nitratais ir nitritais.
Užterštas nitritais ir nitratais vanduo neturi specifinio skonio, kvapo ar spalvos. Šie junginiai nepašalinami nei verdant, nei buitiniais filtrais. Todėl didelės jų dozės, gaunamos su vandeniu, gali būti toksiškos organizmui. Didesni jų kiekiai ypač pavojingi nėščioms moterims ir kūdikiams iki 6 mėn. amžiaus, nes jų organizme nepakanka nitratus skaidančio fermento. Toksiniam nitratų poveikiui jautrūs vaikai, sergantieji infekcinėmis ligomis, širdies ir kraujagyslių, kvėpavimo takų ligomis, anemija, senyvo amžiaus žmonės.
Atliekant cheminį tyrimą šulinio vandenyje, rekomenduojama ištirti azoto grupės junginius – nitritų, nitratų, amonio kiekį.
2013 metais Nacionalinės visuomenė sveikatos priežiūros laboratorijos vykdomos akcijos metu iš viso respublikoje buvo ištirti 1 076 vandens mėginiai: 968 – šulinio vandens mėginiai bei 108 gręžinio vandens mėginiai. Geriamojo vandens saugos ir kokybės reikalavimų neatitiko 33,7 proc. akcijos metu ištirtų vandens mėginių.
Lietuvos higienos norma HN 24:2003 „Geriamojo vandens saugos ir kokybės reikalavimai“ nusako, kad:
nitrato koncentracija vandenyje turi būti ne daugiau 50 mg/l,
nitrito koncentracija vandenyje turi būti ne daugiau 0,50 mg/l,
amonio koncentracija vandenyje turi būti ne daugiau 0,50 mg/l.
Būkite atsakingi už savo ir savo vaikų sveikatą.
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