Sosnovskio barštis – itin pavojingas augalas. Jis ne tik labai greitai plinta ir „okupuoja“ gretimas teritorijas, bet ir nepalieka jokios galimybės jose išgyventi kitiems augalams. Tai nulemia ne tik augalų, bet ir visos su jais susijusios biologinės grandinės – vabzdžių, varliagyvių ar kitų gyvūnų – išnykimą. Negana to, Sosnovskio barštis kelia pavojų ir žmonių sveikatai – augalas gali sukelti labai sunkias alergijos formas ar itin rimtus nudegimus. Kovoti su Sosnovskio barščiu imamasi įvairiausiais būdais, tačiau nuolat ieškoma naujų ir dar efektyvesnių.
Sosnovskio barštis kelia daug problemų ne tik Lietuvoje, bet ir Europos Sąjungoje. Todėl Sosnovskio barštis 2016 m. paskelbtas invazine Europos Sąjungos rūšimi (įrašytas į Sąjungai susirūpinimą keliančių invazinių svetimų rūšių sąrašą).
Tad kokių žingsnių reikia imtis, naikinat šį augalą?
Kovojant su Sosnovskio barščiais, iš karto reikia nusiteikti, kad tai yra sunkus ir ilgas procesas. Šią piktžolę taip sunku išnaikinti todėl, kad ji gali ataugti iš stiebo, kuris gyvybingas gali išlikti net iki 8 metų. Yra daugybe naikinimo būdų (šaknų išrovimas ir sunaikinimas, sėklų izoliavimas, izoliacinė apsauginė plėvelė, herbicidai), bet ne visomis priemonėmis galima pasiekti efektingiausių rezultatų. Šiuos invazinius augalus rekomenduojama naikinti tiek cheminėmis, tiek mechaninėmis priemonėmis, kai jų aukštis siekia 20-40 cm, kurios veikia tik šiuos invazinius augalus (nepakenkus aplink esantiems augalams).
Praėjusiais metais Lietuvoje įregistruoti 2 nauji selektyvūs herbicidai „Nuance 75 WG“ ir „Accurate 200 WG“, skirti Sosnovskio barščiui naikinti latvių ekspertų pasiūlytu integruotu biologiniu-cheminiu naikinimo metodu. Taikant šį metodą, ypač svarbu prisiminti, kad negalima mechaniškai ardyti dirvožemio paviršiaus, kad nebūtų sunaikintos vietinės augalų rūšys, stelbiančios Sosnovskio barščio jaunus augalus, bei nesusidarytų galimybių sudygti žemėje esančioms barščio sėkloms. Šio invazinio augalo naikinimas trunka ne vienus metus ir dažnai yra sudėtingas (barščiai auga prie vandens telkinių, pamiškėse, užima didelius plotus), todėl reikia taikyti skirtingus, mišrius naikinimo metodus.
Sosnovskio barštis paplitęs beveik visoje šalies teritorijoje ir užima apie 10 tūkst. ha plotą. Todėl kviečiame privačius asmenis, bendruomenes nedelsti ir pradėti naikinti šiuos invazinius augalus. Vadovaudamasis Plungės rajono savivaldybės teritorijos tvarkymo ir švaros taisyklėmis, žemės valdytojas privalo naikinti invazinius augalus bei pranešti vietos seniūnams apie šių augalų augimo vietas. Kiekvienais metais Plungės rajono savivaldybės administracija iš Aplinkos apsaugos rėmimo specialiosios programos skiria lėšas šiems invaziniams augalams naikinti valstybinės žemės plotuose.
Plungės rajono savivaldybės administracijos inf.
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